Assessment of Quality of Life among Known Type 2 Diabetics–A Community Based Cross Sectional Study in North Karnataka
Keywords:
quality of life, , type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, urban slumAbstract
Introduction: Type 2 DM is a major public health problem in both developing and developed countries. Diabetes and its complications are leading cause for morbidity and mortality, which negatively affects the quality of life. So we conducted this study to assess the QOL of known type 2 diabetics & to understand the association of BMI, Waist circumference, Blood pressure and HbA1c levels with QOL.
Materials & Methodology: It’s a cross-sectional study done in urban slums, using WHOQOL – BREF scale to assess the QOL, semi – structured questionnaire to assess the socio – demographics; and height, weight, abdominal circumference and blood pressure were measured. HbA1C levels was measured using single use HbA1C Now+ kit.
Results: Majority of the study participants were in the age group of 30 – 40 yrs (36.7%). 56% of the study participants were overweight and obese. Hypertension was seen in ≈28%. 12% of them had HbA1c levels >8%. Mean score for QOL in Physical domain was 50.5, Environmental was 50.0, Psychological was 47.0 and Social was 45.8. Factors like depression and HbA1c levels influenced QOL negatively. Perceived QOL was better in males than females, whereas females had better overall QOL domain scores.
Conclusion: Low QOL poses one of the major risks in management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Our study showed half of the study population with poor QOL scores in all domains, which implicate the need for a better care of diabetics with life style modification.
References
Zgibor JC, Dorman JS, Orchard TJ. Diabetes. From Text book of “Public health & Preventive medicine” by MaxcyRosenau Last. 15th Edition. MacGrawHill publication 2014: p1101-1112.
Global report on Diabetes. World health Organization 2016.
Zimmet P, Alberti K, Shaw J. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature. 2001;414(6865):782-787.
Global report on Diabetes. World health Organization 2016.
Ramachandran A, Shetty AS, Nandhitha A, Snehalatha C. Type 2 diabetes in India: challenges and possible solutions. Available from: http://www.apiindia.org/medicine_ update_2013/chap40.pdf
Anjana RM, Deepa M, Pradeepa R, Mahanta J, Narain K, Das HK, et. al. Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in 15 states of India: results from the ICMR–INDIAB population-based cross-sectional study. The lancet journal / diabetes-endocrinology. Published online June 7, 2017; p1 – 12. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30174-2.
Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Kapur A, Vijay V, MohanV, Das AK, et al. Diabetes Epidemiology Study Group in India (DESI). High prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in India: National Urban Diabetes Survey. Diabetologia. 2001; 44: 1094-101.
Global Forum Health. Risk factor surveillance for non-communicable diseases (NCDs): the multi-site ICMR-WHO collaborative initiative, 2015. Available at: http://www.globalforumhealth.org/.
Gupta M, Singh R, Lehl SS. Diabetes in India: a long way to go. Int J Sci Rep 2015;1(1):1-2.
Kasyap JVS, Niveditha G, Harsha KP, Prasannakumar KM. Evaluation of targets achieved, quality of care and life in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital. J Med & Health Sci. 2013; 2(3): 94-100.
Rajashekaran D, Kulkarni V, Unnikrishnan B, Kumar N, Holla R, Thapar R. Self-Care activities among patients with diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Manglore, Karnataka, India. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015; 5(1): 59-64.
Somappa HK, Venkatesh M, Prasad R. Quality of life as-sessment among type 2 diabetic patients in rural tertiary center. Int J Med Sci& Public Health. 2014; 3(4): 415-417.
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:977–986. [PubMed]
U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33) Lancet. 1998;352:837–853. [PubMed]
American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2007. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(Suppl 1):S4–S41.
Patel B, Oza B, Patel K, Malhotra S, Patel V. health related quality of life in type 2 diabetic patients in Western India using World Health Organization Quality of Life – BREF and appraisal of diabetes Scale. Int J Diabetes DevCtries 2014: 34(2); 100-107.
Manjunath K, Christopher P, Gopichandran V, Rakesh PS, George K, Prasad JH. Quality of life of a patient with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study in Rural South India. J Fam Med Primary Care 2014;3:396-9.
Lindau. Diabetes has an impact on sex life. Diabetes Care. October 2010;33:2202–10.
Eljedi A, Mikolajczyk RT, Kraemer A, Laaser U. Health related quality of life in diabetic patients and controls without diabetes in refugee camps in the Gaza strip: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2006;6:268.
Rubin RR, Peyrot M. Quality of Life and Diabetes [review article]. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 1999;15: 205-218.
Brown GC, Brown MM, Sharma S, Brown H, Gozum M, Denton P. Quality of life associated with diabetes mellitus in an adult population. J Diabetes Complicat. 2000;14:18–24.
Redekop WK, Koopmanschap MA, Stolk RP, Rutten GE, Wolffenbuttel BH, Niessen LW. Health related quality of life and treatment satisfaction in Dutch patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:458–63.
Wexler DJ, Grant RW, Wittenberg E, et al. Correlates of health-related quality of life in type 2diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006;49:1489–97.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
