Behavioral Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Disease Among Rural Adults In Andhra Pradesh
Keywords:
Behavioral Risk Factor, Non Communicable DiseaseAbstract
Introduction: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in rural parts of Andhra Pradesh. Most of the risk factors for NCDs are modifiable and can be controlled to reduce incidence and to ensure better outcomes for those having NCDs.
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of various behavioral risk factors for NCDS in rural area and to evaluate the socio-demographic characteristics associated with these risk factors.
Material and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in rural area of Karimnagar among 410 participants. Various risk factors assessed were smoking and alcohol intake, physical inactivity, obesity, hypertension and stress among participants.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 56.41 ± 11.90 years. Male accounted for 55.6% of the total sample, 34.9% were illiterate and 70.7% belonged to an upper lower class. Presence of at least one risk factor was observed among 76.3% of participants. The prevalence of hypertension was 38.5% among participants, 24.6% were current smokers whereas 29.8% were current alcohol users. Stress was exhibited by 24.9% and 25.9% were physically inactive. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (p = 0.000), male gender (p = 0.001), illiteracy (p = 0.007) and lower socio-economic status (p = 0.001) were associated with the presence of at least one risk factor.
Conclusion: High prevalence of risk factors among rural population warrants an immediate attention. There is a need for careful monitoring and control of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural area.
References
World Health Organization. Mortality and burden of disease estimates for WHO Member States in 2004. Geneva: WHO; 2009.
Joshi R, Cardona M, Iyengar S, Sukumar A, Raju CR, Raju KR, et al.Chronic diseases now a leading cause of death in rural India- mortality data from the An-dhra Pradesh Rural Health Initiative.Int J Epidemiol 2006;35:1522-9.
World Health Organization. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva: WHO; 2011.
Kinra S, Bowen LJ, Lyngdoh T, Prabhakaran D, Red-dy KS, Ramakrishnan L et al. Sociodemographic pat-terning of non-communicable disease risk factors in rural India: a cross sectional study. BMJ 2010;341:4974.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The JNC 7 Report. JAMA 2003;289:2560-72.
National Institute of Medical Statistics, Indian Coun-cil of Medical Research (ICMR), 2009, IDSP Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors Survey, Phase-I States of India, 2007-08.National Institute of Medical Statistics and Division of Non-Communicable Dis-eases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
Sugathan TN, Soman CR, Sankaranarayanan K. Be-havioural risk factors for non communicable diseases among adults in Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res 2008;127:555-63.
Subburam R, Sankarapandian M, Gopinath DR, Sel-varanjan SK, Kabilan L. Prevalence of Hypertension and Correlates among Adults of 45 – 60 Years in a Rural Area of Tamil Nadu. Indian J Public Health 2009;53:37-40.
Kokiwar PR, Gupta SS,Durge PM. Prevalence of Hy-pertension in a Rural Community of Central India. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011; 2(4): 950 – 953
Singh S, Dubey D K, Kushwah S S, Patel M. Effect of life style risk factors on prevalence of hypertension in a defined urban population of rewa. National Journal of Community Medicine 2012; 03:570-75.
Bhardwaj SD, Shewte MK, Bhatkule PR, Khadse JR. Prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable dis-ease in a rural area of nagpur district, maharashtra – A WHO STEP wise approach. Int J Biol Med Res 2012; 3: 1413-1418
Katyal R, Bansal R, Goel K, Sharma S. An epidemio-logical study on association between alcohol and to-bacco use in an urban Slum of meerut. National Jour-nal of Community Medicine 2013;04:30-34.
Thankappan KR, Shah B, Mathur P, Sarma PS, Srini-vas G, Mini GK et al. Risk factor profile for chronic non-communicable diseases: results of a community-based study in Kerala, India. Indian J Med Res 2010;131:53-63.
Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Kunst A, Harper S, Guthold R, Rekve D, d'Espaignet ET, et al. Socioeco-nomic inequalities in risk factors for non communica-ble diseases in low-income and middle-income coun-tries: results from the World Health Survey.BMC Pub-lic Health 2012 28;12:912.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
