Adolescent Perceptions of the Integrated Health Service Post (Posyandu Remaja) in Depok, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation Using the CIPP Framework
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.170520266464Keywords:
Adolescent Health, Program Evaluation, Community Health Services, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Literacy, Developing CountriesAbstract
Background: Adolescent reproductive and mental health remain critical public health challenges in Indonesia. The Posyandu Remaja (Adolescent Integrated Health Post) was established to address these needs, yet evidence on adolescents' perceptions of its implementation quality remains limited. The objective was to evaluate adolescent perceptions of Posyandu Remaja implementation quality in Depok City using the Context-Input-Process-Product (CIPP) evaluation framework.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 adolescents aged 10-19 years in Depok, West Java. A validated 62-item researcher-developed questionnaire assessed four CIPP dimensions using a 5-point Likert scale. MANOVA (Pillai's Trace) examined differences across age, sex, and education level.
Results: All CIPP dimensions received highly favorable ratings: Product (4.27), Input (4.26), Context (4.22), and Process (4.19). MANOVA revealed no statistically significant differences across demographic subgroups (all p>0.05), with small effect sizes (η²=0.019-0.025). Notable gaps included low cadre availability, irregular personal attendance, and limited openness in discussing mental health.
Conclusion: Adolescents perceived Posyandu Remaja favorably across all dimensions, demonstrating high acceptability and equity across demographic groups. Strengthening peer engagement, cadre availability, and interactive participation strategies are recommended to translate positive perceptions into measurable health outcomes.
References
Patton GC, Sawyer SM, Santelli JS, Ross DA, Afifi R, Allen NB, et al. Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing. Lancet. 2016 Jun 11;387(10036):2423-2478. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00579-1 PMid:27174304 PMCid:PMC5832967
Sheehan P, Sweeny K, Rasmussen B, Wils A, Friedman HS, Mahon J, et al. Building the foundations for sustainable development: a case for global investment in the capabilities of adolescents. Lancet. 2017 Oct 14;390(10104):1792-1806. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30872-3 PMid:28433259
Amanu A, Birhanu Z, Godesso A. Sexual and reproductive health literacy among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence synthesis and implications. Global Health Action. 2023;16(1):2279841. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16549716.2023.2279841 PMid:38010100 PMCid:PMC10795590
Editor. Closing the global gap in adolescent mental health. Nat Med. 2024;30(2):309-310. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02846-6 PMid:38378824
BPS-Statistics Indonesia. Population by Age Group and Sex. 2022. Available from: https://sensus.bps.go.id/topik/tabular/sp2022/188/1/0 [Accessed December 26, 2025]
Ministry for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection. Government Agency Performance Accountability Report. January 29, 2024. Available from: https://ppid.kemenpppa.go.id/uploads/informasi/publik/berkala_1747215110.pdf [Accessed March 6, 2026]
Sidamo N, Kerbo A, Gidebo K, Wado YD. Exploring Barriers to Accessing Adolescents Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in South Ethiopia Regional State: A Phenomenological Study Using Levesque's Framework. AHMT. 2024;15:45-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/AHMT.S455517 PMid:38562442 PMCid:PMC10984202
Maimunah S. Importance of Sex Education from the Adolescents' Perspective: A Study in Indonesia. Open Journal for Psychological Research. 2019;3(1):23-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojpr.0301.03023m
Navarro-Prado S, Tovar-Gálvez MI, Sánchez-Ojeda MA, Luque-Vara T, Fernández-Gómez E, Martín-Salvador A, et al. Type of Sex Education in Childhood and Adolescence: Influence on Young People's Sexual Experimentation, Risk and Satisfaction: The Necessity of Establishing School Nursing as a Pillar. Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jun 6;11(12):1668. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121668 PMid:37372786 PMCid:PMC10298691
Department of Communication and Informatics, Depok City. Analysis of People's Welfare in Depok City Districts 2024 [in Indonesian]. 2024. Available: https://ppid.depok.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Kesejahteraan-2024.pdf [Accessed December 26, 2025]
Lewoleba KK, Mulyadi M, Satino S, Wadillah L. Prevention and Mitigation of Child Marriage for Adolescents and Karang Taruna in Limo Village, Depok City. PSENAPENMAS. 2021:137-144. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24912/psenapenmas.v0i0.14981
BPS-Statistics Jawa Barat Province. Jawa Barat Province in Figures 2025. BPS-Statistics Jawa Barat Province; 2025. Available from: https://jabar.bps.go.id/id/publication/2025/02/28/d906b36c4b300ab77908dfe2/provinsi-jawa-barat-dalam-angka-2025.html [Accessed March 6, 2026]
Feru Lantara. Depok City Government Targets HIV/AIDS-Free by 2030. ANTARA News Agency. November 2023. Available from: https://www.antaranews.com/berita/3843378/pemkot-depok-targetkan-bebas-hiv-aids-pada-2030 [Accessed January 5, 2026]
Health Policy Development Agency, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. 2023 Indonesia Health Survey in Figures. Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Available from: https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/ski-2023-dalam-angka/ [Accessed January 5, 2026]
Sangadji EAS, Ayuningtyas D. Analysis of the Implementation of Mental Health Policy at Kedaung Health Center, Sukatani Health Center and Limo Health Center in Depok City. IHPA. 2021;6(3):185-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7454/ihpa.v6i3.4689
Lukoševičiūtė-Barauskienė J, Žemaitaitytė M, Šūmakarienė V, Šmigelskas K. Adolescent Perception of Mental Health: It's Not Only about Oneself, It's about Others Too. Children. 2023;10(7):1109-1109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children10071109 PMid:37508606 PMCid:PMC10378269
Al Aufa B, Sulistiadi W, Nurmansyah MI, Syiroj ATR, Koire II. Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance Framework in the Evaluation of Community-Based Adolescent Care Pilot Program. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2020;15(4):175-181. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v15i4.3812
Haromaini N, Ningsih WT, Nugraheni WT. Description of Knowledge and Attitudes of Adolescent Girls Regarding Early Marriage in Karanglo Village, Kerek District. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2023;11(1):132-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v11i1.35431
Febriyanti RF, Priharwanti A, Wahyuningsih, Yuniarti. Evaluation of the Adolescent Posyandu in the Working Area of Puskesmas Wonokerto I, Pekalongan Regency. Journal of Health Science. 2025;18(03):238-246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v18i03.6302
Rose-Clarke K, Bentley A, Marston C, Prost A. Peer-facilitated community-based interventions for adolescent health in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2019 Jan 23;14(1):e0210468. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210468 PMid:30673732 PMCid:PMC6343892
Rosita R, Wijaya M, Fortuna P. CIPP Model of Youth Care Health Service in Bandung City. Jurnal Dunia Kesmas. 2021;10(2):205-212.
Ningsih FPE. The Achievement of National Standard of Teenage Health Care Service at Teenage Integrated Service Post in Surabaya. JAKI. 2018;6(1):40-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v6i1.2018.40-45
Wahid L, Indraswari R, Shaluhiyah Z, Widjanarko B. Description of the Implementation of Adolescent Posyandu in Panggung Kidul Village, North Semarang District. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat. 2020;8(4):557-563.
Gayatri NMS, Sugianto MA, Putri KFA. Evaluation of Adolescent Posyandu Program in the Working Area of UPTD Puskesmas Abiansemal I. JS. 2024;3(1):135-148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36002/js.v3i1.2948
Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods. 2009;41(4):1149-1160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149 PMid:19897823
Khaksar M, Kiany GR, ShayesteFar P. Using a CIPP-Based Model for Evaluation of Teacher Training Programs in a Private-sector EFL Institutes. Language Teaching Research Quarterly. 2023;38:65-91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32038/ltrq.2023.38.04
Perneger TV, Courvoisier DS, Hudelson PM, Gayet-Ageron A. Sample size for pre-tests of questionnaires. Qual Life Res. 2015;24(1):147-151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-014-0752-2 PMid:25008261
Taber KS. The Use of Cronbach's Alpha When Developing and Reporting Research Instruments in Science Education. Res Sci Educ. 2018;48(6):1273-1296. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11165-016-9602-2
Field AP. Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. 6th edition. Sage; 2024.
Rohmayani S. Factors Associated with Adolescent Participation in Attending Youth Posyandu in Karya Jaya Village. ISJNMS. 2024;3(06):1262-1272. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54402/isjnms.v3i06.419
Cipta DA, Andoko D, Theja A, Utama AVE, Hendrik H, William DG, et al. Culturally sensitive patient-centered healthcare: a focus on health behavior modification in low and middle-income nations-insights from Indonesia. Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Apr 12;11:1353037. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2024.1353037 PMid:38681051 PMCid:PMC11047771
Masturoh, Siswati, Setyatama IP. The Role of Posyandu for Adolescents on Adolescent Behavior in Stunting Prevention. jk. 2024;17(3):308-316. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/jk.v17i3.6884
Pine AE, Baumann MG, Modugno G, Compas BE. Parental Involvement in Adolescent Psychological Interventions: A Meta-analysis. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2024 Sep;27(3):1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-024-00481-8 PMID: 38748300 PMCID: PMC11486598
Jakobsson C, Sanghavi R, Nyamiobo J, Maloy C, Mwanzu A, Venturo-Conerly K, et al. Adolescent and youth-friendly health interventions in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review. BMJ Glob Health. 2024 Sep 5;9(9):e013393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013393 PMid:39242132 PMCid:PMC11381706
Hobbs AJ, Manalili K, Turyakira E, Kabakyenga J, Kyomuhangi T, Nettel-Aguirre A, et al. Five-year retention of volunteer community health workers in rural Uganda: a population-based retrospective cohort. Health Policy Plan. 2022 Apr 12;37(4):483-491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czab151 PMid:34922343 PMCid:PMC9006062
Pallas SW, Minhas D, Pérez-Escamilla R, Taylor L, Curry L, Bradley EH. Community Health Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: What Do We Know About Scaling Up and Sustainability? Am J Public Health. 2013;103(7):e74-e82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2012.301102 PMid:23678926 PMCid:PMC3682607
Eng V, Sudoyo AW, Nuhonni SA, Hendrianto K. Indonesia's Unique Social System as Key to Successful Implementation of Community- and Home-Based Palliative Care. JCO Global Oncology. 2023;(9):e2200290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/GO.22.00290 PMid:37290020 PMCid:PMC10497302
Paundria Sari WRK and Sugeng PP. Evaluation of the Adolescent-Friendly Health Services Program at Sukapakir Community Health Center, Bandung City Using the CIPP Model Perspective. CoPAR. 2024;1(2):40-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26593/copar.v1i2.7710.40-60
Radez J, Reardon T, Creswell C, Lawrence PJ, Evdoka-Burton G, Waite P. Why do children and adolescents (not) seek and access professional help for their mental health problems? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2021;30(2):183-211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01469-4 PMid:31965309 PMCid:PMC7932953
Yani DI, Chua JYX, Wong JCM, Pikkarainen M, Shorey S. The Effects of Universal Educational Interventions in Improving Mental Health Literacy, Depression, and Anxiety Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2025 Feb;34(1):e13494. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.13494 PMid:39710627
Hong SH, Chun TK, Nam YJ, Kim TW, Cho YH, Son SJ, et al. Digital Mental Health Interventions for Adolescents: An Integrative Review Based on the Behavior Change Approach. Children (Basel). 2025 Jun 13;12(6):770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/children12060770 PMid:40564728 PMCid:PMC12191568
Sotolongo J, House LD, Swanson S, Davis SEH. Integrated Community Strategies for Linking Youth to Adolescent Reproductive Health Services: A Case Study. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2017;60(3):S45-S50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.11.026 PMid:28235435 PMCid:PMC6518400
Kim EJ, Park B, Kim SK, Park MJ, Lee JY, Jo AR, et al. A Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Comprehensive Sexuality Education Programs on Children and Adolescents. Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Sep 11;11(18):2511. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11182511 PMid:37761708 PMCid:PMC10530760
Greenberg MT, Abenavoli R. Universal Interventions: Fully Exploring Their Impacts and Potential to Produce Population-Level Impacts. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness. 2017;10(1):40-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2016.1246632
Panichkriangkrai W, Topothai C, Saengruang N, Thammatach-Aree J, Tangcharoensathien V. Universal access to sexual and reproductive health services in Thailand: achievements and challenges. Sex Reprod Health Matters. 2020 Dec;28(2):1805842. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/26410397.2020.1805842 PMid:32895033 PMCid:PMC7887962
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Een Kurnaesih, Adelia Suryani, Agung Raharjo, Siti Zaenab Nurul Haq
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
