Sociocultural Impacts of Child Trafficking on Mental Health: Public Health Interventions to Streamline the Reintegration Process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.160920255785Keywords:
Mental health, Children, Trafficking, Anxiety, ReintegrationAbstract
Child trafficking is a global public health concern that deprives children of safety, freedom, and dignity. Trafficked children are separated from their families and local communities and this results in feelings of loneliness and abandonment. The combination of all these sociocultural factors and situations significantly hinders the development and self-esteem of the trafficked children. To mitigate the impact of the above-mentioned sociocultural factors, we must adopt public health interventions, like culturally tailored mental health counselling, community-based anti-stigma campaigns, etc., which aids in the creation of a supportive ecosystem that encourages healing, resilience, and reintegration of trafficked children upon their return. In conclusion, socio-cultural factors significantly influence the mental health outcomes of trafficked children. Addressing these issues requires a multipronged approach, built on the support from different sectors to ensure holistic recovery and streamline the reintegration process.
References
Peck JL, Meadows-Oliver M, Hays SM, Maaks DG. White paper: Recognizing child trafficking as a critical emerging health threat. J Pediatr Health Care 2021;35(3):260-269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedhc.2020.01.005 PMid:32178939
Greenbaum J, Albright K, Tsai C. Introduction to the special issue of child abuse and neglect: Global child trafficking and health. Child Abuse Negl 2020;100:104321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.104321 PMid:31859003
Chang KSG, Tsang S, Chisolm-Straker M. Child trafficking and exploitation: Historical roots, preventive policies, and the Pediatrician's role. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2022;52(3):101167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cppeds.2022.101167 PMid:35367130
Ottisova L, Smith P, Shetty H, Stahl D, Downs J, Oram S. Psychological consequences of child trafficking: An historical cohort study of trafficked children in contact with secondary mental health services. PLoS One 2018;13(3):e0192321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192321 PMid:29518168 PMCid:PMC5843209
Hemmings S, Jakobowitz S, Abas M, Bick D, Howard LM, Stanley N, et al. Responding to the health needs of survivors of human trafficking: A systematic review. BMC Health Serv Res 2016;16:320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1538-8 PMid:27473258 PMCid:PMC4966814
Gautam Poudel P, Barroso CS. Social determinants of child trafficking addressed by government and non-government strategies in South and Southeast Asia: an integrative review. Scand J Public Health. 2019 Dec;47(8):808-819. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818807816 PMid:30381999
Wallace C, Greenbaum J, Albright K. Global perspectives on the health and social impacts of child trafficking. Pediatrics 2022;150(4):e2021055840. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-055840 PMid:36120743
Greydanus DE, Nazer D, Tsitsika A, Nazeer A, Bhave DSY, Greydanus EK. Trafficking in the child and adolescent: Application of SAFETY and CARE for a global crisis of exploitation. Dis Mon. 2025;71(1):101825. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disamonth.2024.101825 PMid:39572293
Hossain ANMZ. Educational crisis of Rohingya refugee children in Bangladesh: Access, obstacles, and prospects to formal and non-formal education. Heliyon. 2023 Jul 15;9(7):e18346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18346 PMid:37539211 PMCid:PMC10395529
Peck JL, Rigby KB, Hettenhaus KP, King KY. Child Trafficking: What School Nurses Need to Know. NASN Sch Nurse. 2024 Jul;39(4):206-213. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1942602X231221490 PMid:38204418
Perry KM, McEwing L. How do social determinants affect human trafficking in Southeast Asia, and what can we do about it? A systematic review. Health Hum Rights. 2013 Dec 12;15(2):138-159. PMID: 24421161.
Bunn M, Christopher E, Polutnik-Smith C, McCoy J, Hanneke R, King M, et al. Rehabilitation and reintegration of women and children returning from violent extremist contexts: A rapid review to inform program and policy development. Terror Political Violence 2024;36(4):455-487. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09546553.2023.2169143 PMid:38784065 PMCid:PMC11114743
Ottisova L, Smith P, Oram S. Psychological consequences of human trafficking: Complex posttraumatic stress disorder in trafficked children. Behav Med 2018;44(3):234-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2018.1432555 PMid:30020865
Goldenberg SM, Silverman JG, Engstrom D, Bojorquez-Chapela I, Usita P, Rolón ML, et al. Exploring the context of trafficking and adolescent sex industry involvement in Tijuana, Mexico: Consequences for HIV risk and prevention. Violence Against Women 2015;21(4):478-499. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801215569079 PMid:25648946 PMCid:PMC4703414
Burns CJ, Chen K, Stoklosa H. Pushing for the same thing on the same set of tracks: A qualitative study exploring the anti-trafficking response in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. BMC Public Health 2021;21:1204. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11213-w PMid:34162334 PMCid:PMC8223280
Leopardi NM, Hovde AM, Kullmann LV. The Intersection of Child Trafficking and Health Care: Our Unique Role as Pediatric Clinicians. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2020 Apr;67(2):413-423. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2019.12.005 PMid:32122569
Rafferty Y. Mental health services as a vital component of psychosocial recovery for victims of child trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2018;88(3):249-260. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000268 PMid:28394150
Panda P, Garg A, Grube A. The Haven Clinic: The Planning and Implementation of a Medical Home for Child Trafficking Survivors. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2023;34(2):833-844. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/hpu.2023.0044 PMid:37464534
Martinho G, Gonçalves M, Matos M. "It takes a community to save a child": Child trafficking knowledge of the Portuguese community. J Community Psychol 2022;50(2):1028-1047. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.22698 PMid:34460945
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Saurabh R Shrivastava, Prateek S Bobhate

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.