Prevalence And Gender Effect on Sexual Risk Behavior Among Heterosexual People Living with HIV/AIDS in Davangere, Karnataka
Keywords:
Sexual risk behaviour, People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), HeterosexualAbstract
Background: In developing country like India, increased access to anti-retroviral therapy for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) has extended life span and reduced morbidity and mortality and also enabled several of them to resume their sexual activity. Our study aims to know the prevalence and predictors of sexual risk behaviour among heterosexual PLWHA attending HIV clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, conducted among 103 PLWHA [52 women and 51men] attending HIV clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital, after getting informed written consent.
Results: Among 103 study participants 64 (62%) were alcoholics and majority (65%) of them showed sexual risk behaviour. 55% of males and 69% of females had disclosed the HIV status to their partners. 47% engaged in sexual risk activity with the partners, it was more among males [56.9%]. Significant association was found between sexual risk behaviour and those engaging in multiple sexual partner (p = 0.01), unmarried (p = 0.001) and frequency of condom use among multiple sexual partners (p = 0.03).
Conclusions: The study revealed 62% PLWHA disclosed their HIV status to their partners and prevalence of sexual risk behaviour was found to be 47% and it was more among males.
References
National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO). Annu-al Report 2013-14. Department of AIDS Control Min-istry of Health & Family Welfare Government of In-dia. Available from www.naco.gov.in/.
De Rosa CJ, Marks G. Preventive counselling of HIV-positive men and self-disclosure of serostatus to sex partners: New opportunities for prevention. Health Psychol. 1998; 17:224–31.
Marks G, Burris S, Peterman TA. Reducing sexual transmission of HIV from those who know they are infected: The need for personal and collective respon-sibility. AIDS. 1999; 13:297–306.
Schiltz MA, Sandfort ThGM. HIV-positive people, risk and sexual behaviour. Soc Sci Med.2000; 50:1571–88.
Kalichman SC. HIV transmission risk behaviors of men and women living with HIV-AIDS: Prevalence, predictors and emerging clinical interventions. Clin Psychol. 2000; 7:32–47.
Crepaz N, Marks G. Towards an understanding of sexual risk behavior in people living with HIV: A re-view of social, psychological, and medical findings. AIDS. 2002; 16:135–149.
Elford J, Ibrahim F, Bukutu C et al. Sexual behaviour of people living with HIV in London: Implications for HIV transmission. AIDS. 2007; 21(Suppl 1):S63–S70.
Ridge D, Ziebland S, Anderson J, et al. Positive pre-vention: Contemporary issues facing HIV positive people negotiating sex in the UK. Soc Sci Med. 2007; 65:755–770.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance-United Sates, 2009. MMWR, 59 (No.SS-5):1-142. Available from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss5905a1.htm.
Eluwa GI, Strathdee SA, Adebajo SB, et al. Sexual risk behaviors and HIV among female sex workers in Nigeria. Journal of Acquired immune deficiency syn-dromes 2012;61(4):507-14.
Ravi K. Verma, Niranjan Saggurti, Ajay K. Singh, et al. Alcohol and Sexual Risk Behavior among Migrant Female Sex Workers and Male Work-ers in Districts with High In-Migration from Four High HIV Prevalence States in In-di.AIDS and Behavior 2010; 14, (1): 31-39.
Chikovani I, Goguadze K, Bozicevic I, et al. Determi-nants of risky sexual behavior among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Georgia. AIDS and Behavior 2013;17(5):1906-13.
Folch C, Muñoz CR, Zaragoza K, Casabona J. Sexual risk behaviour and its determinants among men who have sex with men in Catalonia, Spain. Eurosurveil-lance 2009; 14 (47):1-7
Audu O, Ogboi SJ, Abdullahi AU, et al. Sexual Risk Behaviour and Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Male Prison Inmates in Kaduna State, North Western Nige-ria. International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 2013; 3(1): 57-67.
Geofrey Musinguzi, Denis Bwayo, et al. Sexual Be-havior among Persons Living with HIV in Uganda: Implications for Policy and Practice. PLOS ONE 2014;9(1):1-10.
Francis Bajunirwe, David R Bangsberg, Ajay K Sethi. Alcohol use and HIV serostatus of partner predict high-risk sexual behavior among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in South Western Uganda. BMC Public Health 2013;13:1-7.
Susan M Kiene, Sarah Christie. Sexual Risk Behaviour among HIV-Positive Individuals in Clinical Care in Urban KwaZuluNatal, South Africa. CHIP Docu-ments Center for Health, Intervention, and Prevention (CHIP) 2006; 1-16.
Joseph P McGowan, Sanjiv S. Shah Camelia E. et al. Risk Behavior for Transmission of Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) among HIVSeropositive Indi-viduals in an Urban Setting. Clinical Infectious Dis-eases 2004; 38 (1):122-27.
Ramesh K, Sangeetha Gandhi, Vishwas Rao. Sexual Behaviors among HIV patients attending ART centre, tertiary care hospital, Karnataka, India. International Journal of Current Research and Review 2013; 5(4):103-12.
Olley BO, Seedat S, Gxamza F, et al. Determinants of unprotected sex among HIV-positive patients in South Africa. AIDS Care2005; 17(1):1-9.
Ncube NM, Akunna J, Babatunde F, et al. Sexual risk behaviour among HIV-Positive persons in Kumasi, Ghana. Ghana Medical Journal 2012; 46(1):27-33.
Clarke TR, Gibson R, Barrow G, et al. Disclosure of HIV status among HIV Clinic attendees in Jamaica. West Indian medical journal 2010; 59 (4): 445-49.
Dia A, Marcellin F, Bonono RC, et al. Prevalence of unsafe sex with one’s steady partner either HIVnega-tive or of unknown HIV status and associated deter-minants in Cameroon. Sexually transmitted infections 2010; 86 (2):148-54.
Sphiwe Madiba, Beverley Letsoalo. Disclosure, Multi-ple Sex Partners, and Consistent Condom Use among HIV Positive Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy in Jo-hannesburg, South Africa. World Journal of AIDS 2014: 4: 62-73.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
