Development and Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire for Dietary Antioxidant Intake among Prediabetic Individuals in the South Indian Population

Sowmya R; Supriya V; Rajkumar M; Silambuselvi K

doi:10.55489/njcm.160220254968

Authors

Sowmya R Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Supriya V Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Rajkumar M Department of General Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
Silambuselvi K Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.160220254968

Keywords:

24-hour Dietary recall, Oxidative stress, Pearson correlation, Public Health

Abstract

Background: Prediabetes is a growing global public health concern, with dietary factors playing a major role in its progression to type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants can mitigate oxidative stress, a major contributor to prediabetes. This study developed a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess the intake of key antioxidants, including vitamin C and E, selenium and zinc among prediabetic population in Chennai, India.

Methodology: The food list was based on the Indian Food Composition Table (2017), and the portion sizes and frequencies were derived through a focus group discussion with registered dietitians and physicians. The FFQ intake data were compared with the mean of two 24-hour dietary recall (DR) using Pearson correlation analysis.

Results: Strong correlations were observed for vitamin C (r=0.909) and vitamin E(r=0.915), and moderate correlations were observed for selenium (r = 0.696), and zinc (r = 0.706), with significant results (p < 0.001 for vitamin C, E, selenium, and p = 0.036 for zinc).

Conclusion: The results indicated good agreement between the FFQ and DR, validating the developed FFQ as a reliable tool for estimating antioxidant intake in prediabetic individuals. This tool is useful for monitoring antioxidant intake in both clinical and public health settings.

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