Effect of School-Based Interventions on Body Mass Index Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Authors

  • Gomathi Munusamy Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Nursing, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
  • Ramesh Shanmugam Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Nursing, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Bule Hora University, Bule Hora, Ethiopia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5676-9351

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55489/njcm.130920222266

Keywords:

Adolescent, Body mass index, Diet, Physical activity, Schools, Sedentary behavior

Abstract

Background: High body mass index is a common well-known issue among adolescents, its related morbid-ity track to adulthood life and decrease life expectancy. The review aims to derive a consensus on school-based intervention on body mass index. Objective: This review evaluates the effect of school-based inter-ventions in reducing or preventing high body mass index for adolescents.

Method: A literature search was performed in six electronic databases: Pubmed, Science Direct index, Sci-Hub, HINARI, and Google Scholar to identify published studies between January 2010 and December 2020. Only randomized controlled studies evaluated the effect of physical activity and/or physical education and nutritional education and/or dietary behavior, sedentary behavior outcome reporting on body mass index among adolescents were included. The Standard Cochrane tool was used to assess the risk of bias for indi-vidual studies. An evaluation of the effects of included interventions on body mass index was done using a random effects model.

Results: There were 6 trials included. 2503 adolescent partakers met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed there is a significant difference between length of intervention between 3 to 12 months were MD -0.44 kg [95% CI: 1.06, 0.18], p-value = 0.04, with evidence of substantial study between heterogeneity (I2 = 61%).

Discussion: Intervention less than three to twelve months more effective with multiple school-based inter-ventions among adolescents. Numerous studies are needed for evaluation to determine long-term interven-tion effectiveness targeted on adolescents.

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Published

2022-09-30

How to Cite

1.
Munusamy G, Shanmugam R. Effect of School-Based Interventions on Body Mass Index Among Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Natl J Community Med [Internet]. 2022 Sep. 30 [cited 2024 Nov. 3];13(09):584-91. Available from: https://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/2266

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Section

Systematic Review/ Meta Analysis