A Study of the Demography, Etiological Profile and Risk Factors of Acute Viral Hepatitis in an Urban Setting
Keywords:
Acute viral hepatitis, HAV, HBV, Hepatitis CAbstract
Background: Acute Viral Hepatitis (AVH) is a major public health problem in India. The objectives of this study were to elucidate the demography, etiological profile, risk factors and comparative clinical spectrum of AVH transmitted faeco-orally and parenterally in an urban setting in Western India.
Methodology: 100 patients more than 12 years of age having jaundice with raised alanine transaminase and serology positive for acute markers of hepatitis viruses A,E,B,D and C were included in this study over a period of eighteen months.The data was analyzed using SPSS (2015 version).
Results: 73% patients were in the under 30 year age group. 70% were males. 53% had Hepatitis E, 34% had Hepatitis A, 11% had Hepatitis B and 2% had Hepatitis C .79% had one or other risk factors such as close personal contact, travel, mass gathering, eating roadside food, blood transfusion, injection use and high risk behaviour. Clinical severity and the serum bilirubin levels were statistically higher in the faeco-orally transmitted hepatitis than the parenterally transmitted one. The mean duration of illness was 17.1+ 6.8 days and the mean numbers of days lost from work were 22.2 + 5.6 days.
Conclusion: In this study, younger male population seemed more affected. Most patients had preventable risk factors. Results suggested a heavy socioeconomic burden of the disease.
References
Acharya SK, Batra Y, Bhatkal B. Sero epidemiology of hepa-titis A virus infection among school children in Delhi; im-plications for HAV vaccination. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2003; 18:822-7.
Chadha MS, Walimbe AM, Chobe LP, Arankalle VA. Com-parison of etiology of sporadic acute and fulminant viral hepatitis in hospitalised patients in Pune, India during 1978-81 and 1994-97. Indian J Gastroenterol 2003; 22: 11-5.
Mall ML, Rae RR, Phillip M. Seroepidemiology of hepatitis A in India. Ind J Gastroenterol 2001;20:130-2.
Chandra NS, Ojha D, Chatterjee S, Chattopadhyay C. Preva-lence of hepatitis E virus infection in West Bengal, India: a hospital-based study.Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014; 63:975–980
Kaur M, Sidhu SK, Singh K, Devi P, Kaur M, Singh N. Hep-atitis E virus: A leading cause of waterborne viral hepatitis in Northwest Districts of Punjab, India. J Lab Physicians. 2017;9(2):121-124.
Jain, P., Prakash, S., Gupta, S., Singh, K. P., Shrivastava, S., Singh,D. D., et al. Prevalence of hepatitis A virus,hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis D virus and hepatitis Evi-rus as causes of acute viral hepatitis in north India: a hospi-tal basedstudy. Indian J Med Microbiol 2013;31: 261–265
Acharya SK, Madan K, Dattagupta S, Panda SK. Viral hepa-titis in India. Natl Med J India. 2006 Jul-Aug;19(4):203-17
Viral hepatitis. [Online] Available from: http://www. mahttp://www.mahaarogya.gov.in/diseasesinfo/viralhepatitis/default, [Accessed 20 Oct 2013].
Krayiannis P. Enterically transmitted viral hepatitis. Sher-lock’s diseases of Liver and Biliary system. 12th ed. Wiley-Blackwel. 2011;17: 355-56.
Kotwal A, Singh H , VermaA.K., GuptaR.M. Jain S, Sinha S. A study of Hepatitis A and E virus seropositivity profile amongst young healthy adults inIndia. MJAFI 2014 ;70:225-229
Clark KL, Howell RM, Scott RM, Vaughn DW, Shrestha MP, Longer CF, Innis BL. The socioeconomic impact of hepatitis E in Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Sep;61(3):505-10.
Meena M., Jindal T., Hazarika A. Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus among blood donors at a ter-tiary care hospital in India: a five-year study. Transfusion. 2011;51(1):198–202
Sood A., Sarin S.K., Midha V. Prevalence of Hepatitis C vi-rus in a selected geographical area of northern India: a population based survey. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2012;31(5):232–236.
Irshad M,SinghS,Ansari MA,Joshi Y. Viral Hepatitis in In-dia: A Report from Delhi. Global Journal of Health Sci-ence2010; 2( 2) :96-103
TN Chau, ST Lai, JY Lai, H Yuen.Acute viral hepatitis in Hong Kong: a study of recent incidences . HKMJ 1997;3:261-6.
B Nandi,P Hadimani, R Arunachalam, RK Ganjoo. Spec-trum of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Southern India. MJAFI 2009; 65 : 7-9
Zhang S, Wang J, Yuan Q, Ge S, Zhang J, Xia N ,et al. Clini-cal characteristics and risk factors of sporadic Hepatitis E in central China. Virol J. 2011; 8: 152
Salehi M. Izadi N. Bazzaz N. et al. Acute Viral Hepatitis In South-Eastern Of Iran: A Serological Analysis Of 263 Cases Acta Medica Iranica .2008; 46: 417-42
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors retain the copyright of their article, with first publication rights granted to Medsci Publications.
